Loneliness, characterised by the distressing mismatch between the quality of a social relationship a person has and what they desire, is a profound state that affects both mental and physical health. From anxiety, depression, and psychosis to premature mortality, loneliness underscores a multitude of challenges to wellbeing and health. 

With a ‘U-Shaped’ distribution, loneliness is not confined to a particular age group but affects individuals across the lifespan. But, those already struggling with mental health difficulties are at an elevated risk of experiencing loneliness, exacerbating their already challenging outcomes. 

Nurturing meaningful social relationships (romantic, platonic and professional) has become crucial for overall well being and combating the feelings of loneliness. 

Qualitative reviews of existing literature have identified four important strategies for reducing loneliness and enhancing social relationships. Firstly, by improving social skills, individuals will have the tools necessary to navigate social interactions effectively. Secondly, strengthening existing social networks or forging new ones provides a robust support system, buffering against the adverse effects of loneliness. Thirdly, increasing opportunities for social contact creates avenues for engagement, expanding individuals’ social circles and diminishing feelings of isolation. Lastly, addressing maladaptive social cognition involves targeting negative thought patterns and beliefs about oneself and others, promoting healthier perceptions and behaviours in social settings.